Name:
Unpreserved Tetrahydrofuran
Synonym:
Diethylene oxide, 1,4-epoxybutane; tetramethylene oxide; THF; cyclotetramethylene oxid
CAS:
109-99-9
Section 1 - Chemical Product
MSDS Name:Unpreserved Tetrahydrofuran
Synonym:Diethylene oxide, 1,4-epoxybutane; tetramethylene oxide; THF; cyclotetramethylene oxid
Synonym:Diethylene oxide, 1,4-epoxybutane; tetramethylene oxide; THF; cyclotetramethylene oxid
Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
| CAS# | Chemical Name | emsds | EINECS# |
| 109-99-9 |
| Hazard Symbols: XI F Risk Phrases: |
Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Highly flammable. May form explosive peroxides. Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.Hygroscopic.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Contact with eyes may cause severe irritation, and possible eye burns. Vapors may cause eye irritation.
Skin:
Causes skin irritation. May be absorbed through the skin. If absorbed, causes symptoms similar to those of inhalation.
Ingestion:
May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause central nervous system depression. May be harmful if swallowed.
Inhalation:
Inhalation of high concentrations may cause central nervous system effects characterized by nausea, headache, dizziness, unconsciousness and coma. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Inhalation may cause coughing, difficulty breathing and loss of consciousness.
Causes irritation of the mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract.
Chronic:
Prolonged or repeated eye contact may cause conjunctivitis.
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause defatting and dermatitis. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause reproductive and fetal effects. Laboratory experiments have resulted in mutagenic effects. May cause lung damage. Narcotic in high concentrations.
Highly flammable. May form explosive peroxides. Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.Hygroscopic.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Contact with eyes may cause severe irritation, and possible eye burns. Vapors may cause eye irritation.
Skin:
Causes skin irritation. May be absorbed through the skin. If absorbed, causes symptoms similar to those of inhalation.
Ingestion:
May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause central nervous system depression. May be harmful if swallowed.
Inhalation:
Inhalation of high concentrations may cause central nervous system effects characterized by nausea, headache, dizziness, unconsciousness and coma. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Inhalation may cause coughing, difficulty breathing and loss of consciousness.
Causes irritation of the mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract.
Chronic:
Prolonged or repeated eye contact may cause conjunctivitis.
Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause defatting and dermatitis. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause reproductive and fetal effects. Laboratory experiments have resulted in mutagenic effects. May cause lung damage. Narcotic in high concentrations.
Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation:
Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask.
Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically and supportively. Persons with kidney disease, chronic respiratory disease, liver disease, or skin disease may be at increased risk from exposure to this substance.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
Do NOT induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation:
Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask.
Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically and supportively. Persons with kidney disease, chronic respiratory disease, liver disease, or skin disease may be at increased risk from exposure to this substance.
Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
Containers can build up pressure if exposed to heat and/or fire. As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air.
Vapors can travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. Forms peroxides of unknown stability. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Vapors may be heavier than air.
They can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flame.
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use straight streams of water. Contact professional fire-fighters immediately. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. In case of fire, use carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder or appropriate foam.
Containers can build up pressure if exposed to heat and/or fire. As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Vapors may form an explosive mixture with air.
Vapors can travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. Forms peroxides of unknown stability. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Vapors may be heavier than air.
They can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flame.
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use straight streams of water. Contact professional fire-fighters immediately. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. In case of fire, use carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder or appropriate foam.
Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Use water spray to dilute spill to a non-flammable mixture. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Isolate area and deny entry. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
Spills/Leaks:
Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Use water spray to dilute spill to a non-flammable mixture. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Isolate area and deny entry. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well-ventilated area.
Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Do not ingest or inhale. Prevent build up of vapors to explosive concentration. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.
Storage:
Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool place in the original container and protect from sunlight. Keep under a nitrogen blanket. Keep from contact with oxidizing materials. Flammables-area. Store protected from moisture. Test for Peroxide levels in unpreserved product upon expiration. Products with excessive peroxide must be disposed of promptly and properly. There is generally no agreement as to what constitutes an excessive concentration of peroxides in unpreserved tetrahydrofuran-refer to the Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) guidelines of your company or institution.
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well-ventilated area.
Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Do not ingest or inhale. Prevent build up of vapors to explosive concentration. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.
Storage:
Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool place in the original container and protect from sunlight. Keep under a nitrogen blanket. Keep from contact with oxidizing materials. Flammables-area. Store protected from moisture. Test for Peroxide levels in unpreserved product upon expiration. Products with excessive peroxide must be disposed of promptly and properly. There is generally no agreement as to what constitutes an excessive concentration of peroxides in unpreserved tetrahydrofuran-refer to the Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) guidelines of your company or institution.
Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Use explosion-proof ventilation equipment. Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits.
Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHAs eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
A respiratory protection program that meets OSHAs 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirators use.
Use explosion-proof ventilation equipment. Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits.
Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHAs eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
A respiratory protection program that meets OSHAs 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirators use.
Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Physical State: liquid
Color: colorless liquid
Odor: ethereal odor - fruity odor
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: 160 mm Hg @25C
Viscosity: 0.48 cP @ 20C
Boiling Point: 65.4 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point: -108.4 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: 321 deg C ( 609.80 deg F)
Flash Point: -21 deg C ( -5.80 deg F)
Explosion Limits, lower: 1.8 vol %
Explosion Limits, upper: 11.8 vol %
Decomposition Temperature: Not available.
Solubility in water: Miscible.
Specific Gravity/Density: 0.8880
Molecular Formula: C4H8O
Molecular Weight: 72.0554
Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Prolonged exposure to air and sunlight may form unstable peroxides.
Explosive peroxides may form on concentration. Peroxides can be detonated by friction, impact, or heating. Peroxide formation may occur in containers that have been opened and remain in storage.
Normally stable; however, on long term storage, materials containing similar functional groups form peroxides of unknown stability. THF should never be distilled to dryness.
Conditions to Avoid:
THF should never be distilled to dryness., incompatible materials, light, ignition sources, moisture, acids, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Oxidizing agents, acids, bases, oxygen, caustics (e.g. ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), bromine, metal halides, moisture, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, borane, 2-aminophenol + potassium dioxide, calcium hydride + heat, sodium aluminum hydride, sodium tetrahydroaluminate, 2-aminophenol.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: May occur.
Prolonged exposure to air and sunlight may form unstable peroxides.
Explosive peroxides may form on concentration. Peroxides can be detonated by friction, impact, or heating. Peroxide formation may occur in containers that have been opened and remain in storage.
Normally stable; however, on long term storage, materials containing similar functional groups form peroxides of unknown stability. THF should never be distilled to dryness.
Conditions to Avoid:
THF should never be distilled to dryness., incompatible materials, light, ignition sources, moisture, acids, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Oxidizing agents, acids, bases, oxygen, caustics (e.g. ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), bromine, metal halides, moisture, lithium tetrahydroaluminate, borane, 2-aminophenol + potassium dioxide, calcium hydride + heat, sodium aluminum hydride, sodium tetrahydroaluminate, 2-aminophenol.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: May occur.
Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 109-99-9: LU5950000 LD50/LC50:
CAS# 109-99-9: Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 21000 ppm/3H; Oral, rat: LD50 = 1650 mg/kg.
Carcinogenicity:
Tetrahydrofuran - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, NIOSH, NTP, or OSHA.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.
CAS# 109-99-9: LU5950000 LD50/LC50:
CAS# 109-99-9: Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 21000 ppm/3H; Oral, rat: LD50 = 1650 mg/kg.
Carcinogenicity:
Tetrahydrofuran - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, NIOSH, NTP, or OSHA.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.
Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Ecotoxicity:
Fish: Fathead Minnow: LC50 = 2160 mg/L; 96 Hr; Flow through bioassay (pH 7.5)Tetrahydrofuran is not expected to adsorb to suspended matter in the water based on its measured Koc values. This compound should volatilize from water surfaces. An estimated BCF value of 1 suggests that tetrahydrofuran will not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms.
Fish: Fathead Minnow: LC50 = 2160 mg/L; 96 Hr; Flow through bioassay (pH 7.5)Tetrahydrofuran is not expected to adsorb to suspended matter in the water based on its measured Koc values. This compound should volatilize from water surfaces. An estimated BCF value of 1 suggests that tetrahydrofuran will not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms.
Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.
Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION
IATA
Shipping Name: TETRAHYDROFURAN
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: 2056
Packing Group: II
IMO
Shipping Name: TETRAHYDROFURAN
Hazard Class: 3.1
UN Number: 2056
Packing Group: II
RID/ADR
Shipping Name: TETRAHYDROFURAN
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: 2056
Packing group: II
Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: XI F
Risk Phrases:
R 11 Highly flammable.
R 19 May form explosive peroxides.
R 36/37 Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.
Safety Phrases:
S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No
smoking.
S 29 Do not empty into drains.
S 33 Take precautionary measures against static
discharges.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 109-99-9: 1
United Kingdom Occupational Exposure Limits
United Kingdom Maximum Exposure Limits
Canada
None of the chemicals in this product are listed on the DSL/NDSL list.
CAS# 109-99-9 is not listed on Canadas Ingredient Disclosure List.
Exposure Limits
CAS# 109-99-9: OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm (735
mg/m3)
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm (738 mg/m3)
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3)
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 100 ppm (290 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (440 mg/m3)
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3)
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3)
OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 200 mg/m3;STEL 400 mg/m3
OEL-JAPAN:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3)
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3)
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3)
OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 200 ppm;STEL 100 mg/m3
OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (450 mg/m3)
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3);STEL 1000 ppm
OEL-TURKEY:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3)
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGI TLV
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 109-99-9 is not listed on the TSCA inventory.
It is for research and development use only.
